wholesaler of jewelry and accessories in va Information about Yuanmingyuan

hand crafted jewelry boxes wholesale Yuanmingyuan is located in the western suburbs of Beijing and east of Haidian District. It was originally a large royal garden in the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of ​​about 5,200 acres. The flat layout shows a inverted character shape. The Yuanmingyuan consists of the three gardens of Yuanming, Changchun, and Qichun, with a total area of ​​350 hectares.

The land construction area is as large as the Forbidden City, and the water area is equal to a Summer Palace. The Yuanmingyuan brought together the characteristics of several gardens in Jiangnan at that time, merging the essence of ancient Chinese garden art, and melting poetic and painting in the artistic method of the garden in the garden in the garden. The south of the Yuanmingyuan is the court area and is the emperor's handling of official duties. The rest are distributed in 40 scenic spots, of which more than 50 scenic spots directly imitate the famous gardens in other places. For example, the ten scenic spots in the West Lake in Hangzhou not only imitated the building, but also copied the name. What's more interesting is that the Western -style garden scenic area is also built in the Yuanmingyuan. The most famous "Water Watching Law" is a western fountain, as well as the Mandarin maze and the western tower, all of which have the style of the Italian Renaissance. There is also a Venice City model in the lake. The emperor can enjoy the "water city scenery" on the shore mountain.

The Yuanmingyuan is a treasure museum, which contains rare cultural relics such as celebrity calligraphy and painting, secret palace classics, Zhong Ding treasures, gold and silver jewelry, etc., concentrated the essence of ancient culture. The Yuanmingyuan is also a garden of different woods, with as many as millions of famous flowers and trees. Westerners who have witnessed the Yuanmingyuan completely called her "Wanyuan Garden". Indeed, if it is still the same as 140 years ago, this super giant garden is a well -deserved "king of world gardens". Unfortunately, in 1860, the British and French Allied Forces and the Eight -Power Allied Forces were ransacked in the Yuanmingyuan twice in 1900. The buildings in the park were burned, cultural relics were looted, and miracles and mythical Yuanmingyuan became ruins, leaving only the wall of the past for people.

The famous royal garden in the Qing Dynasty. In the forty -eight years of Kangxi (1709), Emperor Kangxi (that is, the Sacred ancestor Xuanzang) gave a garden to the fourth son in the garden in the north one mile of Changchun Garden in the northwest suburbs of Beijing, and personally inscribed the garden "Yuanmingyuan". In the three years of Yongzheng (1725), Emperor Yongzheng (that is, the Qing Shizong) added the palace and the palace office to the south of the Yuanmingyuan, covering an area of ​​more than 600 acres to more than 3,000 acres. Since then, Yuanmingyuan is not only a place for the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, but also the place where the Minister of the DPRK, the meeting of the foreign envoys, and the handling of daily government affairs. After Emperor Qianlong (that is, the Qing Gaozong Hongli), the garden landscape was adjusted in the Yuanmingyuan, and the building group was added. Essence These three gardens are managed by the Minister of Management of Yuanmingyuan, called Yuanming Three Garden.

The three gardens of the Yuanming three gardens covers an area of ​​more than 5,200 acres and more than 150 scenes. Among them, the most famous is the Zhengda Guangming Hall of the Guanzheng, sacrificing the ancestor's Anyou Palace, a long -standing building of the banquet, and the Pengdao Yaotai, which simulates the "Xianshan Tower Pavilion", and reproduces the Wuling spring in the realm of "Taohua Yuan Ji". Some famous gardens in Jiangnan, such as the lion forest in Suzhou, and the ten scenes of the West Lake in Hangzhou were also imitated in the garden. There is also a set of European -style buildings in Changchun Garden, commonly known as Western Building. The Yuanmingyuan is also a large royal museum, with many treasures, books and art masterpieces.

The August (1860) in Xianfeng Ten years (1860), the British and French forces entered Beijing. On October 6, occupied Yuanmingyuan. Starting the next day, the officers and soldiers had crazy robbery and destruction. In order to force the Qing government to accept discussions and conditions as soon as possible, the British Minister Erkin and the British commander Grand had imprisoned British and French captured in Yuanmingyuan as an excuse. The order of Lieutenant Micheel will lead more than 3,500 people to the Yuanmingyuan on October 18th and set off a fire. The fire that lasted for two days and two nights burned the Yuanmingyuan into a ruins.

The period of Tongzhi (1862 ~ 1874), Emperor Tongzhi prepared to repair the Yuanmingyuan for the Lord of the Empress Dowager Cixi. Later, due to financial difficulties, he was forced to stop and rebuild other buildings. In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing, and the Yuanmingyuan was destroyed again. After the annihilation of the Qing Dynasty, some warlords, politicians, and bureaucrats had stolen building materials from the Yuanmingyuan, and the site of the Yuanmingyuan was further destroyed.

Puk of the People's Republic of China, attaching great importance to the protection of the Yuanmingyuan site. In 1979, the Yuanmingyuan site was listed as a key cultural relics protection unit in Beijing. After that, the renovation of the Yuanmingyuan site gradually began.
The Yuanmingyuan can achieve so magnificent, not overnight. It focuses on the country's large amount of financial and material resources. Only the construction of the building was successively operated. Why did the Emperor Qing of the Qing Dynasty be so hard, and at the expense of the work of the Yuanmingyuan for a long time? This has a close relationship with the Manchu habits.

The country is a multi -ethnic country. The hard -working and brave people of the Manchus have been reproduced on the rich and beautiful land of the Heilongjiang Basin in the northeast. In the middle of the 17th century, under the leadership of his outstanding leaders, feudal politicians, militaryist Nurhachi's son Huang Taiji and the regent king Dorir, he entered the army and completely overthrew the corrupt Ming Dynasty. Dingdu Beijing, seized the national regime, and established the last feudal rule in history, the Qing Dynasty. Because the rulers of the Qing Dynasty lived in nomadic life in the northeast before entering the customs, there was Lin Haixueyuan in winter, and the climate was cool in summer. After entering the customs, they did not adapt to the dry and hot climate in Beijing in summer. Although the Forbidden City was brilliant and magnificent, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty felt dull and dull. Especially in the early years of Kangxi, after a fire occurred in the Forbidden City, he built a high palace wall in order to prevent fire and prevent court riots. The courtyard in the palace, coupled with the flowing water flowing too gentle, almost became dead water. This made the emperor a little tired of the palace life of deep walls. Therefore, from the early years of Kangxi, the construction of gardens began. This construction project continued for more than 200 years. In the western suburbs of Beijing, there are continuous Xishan Xiufeng: Yuquan Mountain, Wanshou Mountain, Wanquanzhuang, Beihai Dian and other terrain, everywhere in Liuquan are everywhere, and in low -lying, large and small lake ponds. Yuquan landscape from west to east is injecting Kunming Lake, becoming the largest surface of the western suburbs. The ancient labor people lived here, worked hard, reclaimed a large number of rice fields, and formed a natural scenic spot. As early as the Liao Dynasty, the feudal emperor chose to build the Yuquan Mountain Palace here. In the Ming Dynasty, the natural scenery here attracted more tourists, so some officials and nobles occupied the rural camp villas. Large land was occupied by pieces. During the Ming Wanli period, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty kissed and the Qinghou Li Wei was here to build civil engineering here. First, the scale was magnificent. Tsinghua Garden, known as the "First Park of Beijing State" (the place is located outside the west wall of today's Peking University). Later, Mi Wanzhong guided the lake outside the east wall of Tsinghua Garden, which cured the elegant and beautiful "spoon garden", and took the meaning of "a spoon of Haidian". In the open countryside, the pavilions and lakes and lakes and mountains appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, the emperor also fancy the excellent gardening place in the western suburbs. This is the case for large -scale construction of gardens.

The 28 years of Kangxi (1688 AD) Xuanzang ordered the construction of Changchun Garden with an area of ​​60 hectares on the former site of Tsinghua Garden. The life of the Emperor Garden of the Qing Dynasty began. But the status of Changchun Garden did not last long, and was replaced by later Yuanmingyuan.

Around Changchun Garden, there are many private gardens left over from the Ming Dynasty. After being returned to the inner government in the early Qing Dynasty, they were given these former Ming private gardens to members of the Qing royal family and the princes of the princes. Essence In the forty -eight years of Kangxi (AD 1709), the Yuanmingyuan was given an old garden of the Ming Dynasty as the fourth son of Emperor Kangxi as the Garden Garden. The "Yuanmingyuan" plaque was titled by Emperor Kangxi. This world -renowned garden has started from scratch, from scratch to decline. Was the later Emperor Yongzheng. He was very proud of the garden he got. Explanation: Yuanming will be far -reaching, and it is not easy to peep. The husband is in the gods, and the gentleman is also in the middle. The meaning of "round" here means "successful and thorough", and the word "Ming" is interpreted as "Ming Da, Wisdom", so named "Yuanmingyuan" is nothing more than the ruling class that advertises his moral cultivation and talent and wisdom. It is only more common. The title of Emperor Kangxi also expresses his expectations for the prince.

The location of the Yuanmingyuan is on the north of Qianjiatun, about one mile of Changchun Garden, that is, the north of Peking University today, that is, the north of Peking University, which is the north of Peking University. West of Tsinghua University. In the Kangxi era, the Yuanming Garden, which contains water surfaces such as Qianhu and Houhu, has a landscape such as "Peony Terrace" and "natural picture". When Yuanmingyuan is still a garden, its regulations are its regulations is It cannot exceed the emperor's Changchun Garden, so there are not many scenes to build, and the reputation is not much better than Changchun Garden. However, with the landing of the owner, the Qing Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty has arrived. During the expansion, the most magnificent royal garden in China was finally built.

xuyest boutique jewelry wholesale The location and scale of the Yuanmingyuan
The Yuanmingyuan is located in Haidian in the western suburbs of Beijing, which is adjacent to the Summer Palace. It was built in the 46th year of Kangxi (1707), consisting of Yuanming, Changchun, and Qichun. There are more than 100 garden landscapes, with a construction area of ​​more than 160,000 square meters. It is a large royal palace in more than 150 years of the Qing emperors in more than 150 years. The Qing dynasties tied the country's material resources, combined countless fine craftsmen, filled the lakes, and planted strange flowers, gathered 40 scenic spots at home and abroad, built 145 large buildings, and collected art treasures and book cultural relics that were difficult to count. In these buildings, in addition to the courtyard with a Chinese style, there are Western -style building complexs such as Haiyan Hall and Yuanxuan Guan in Changchun Garden. In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing and burned and looted. The architecture and ancient trees were completely destroyed. Since then, the relics of Yuanmingyuan have been captured by bureaucrats, warlords, and traitors for a long time, and even organized land damage by government authorities. The wealthy of the Beiyang government, including those who have the responsible responsible for the protection of the Yuanmingyuan site, rely on power, and have transported stone carvings, Taihu stone, etc. from the Yuanmingyuan to repair their garden houses. The invaders not only snatched the precious historical relics, but also relentlessly turned it into ashes. It covers an area of ​​350 hectares (more than 5,200 acres), of which the water surface area is about 140 hectares (2100 acres). Intersection
It has inherited the excellent gardening tradition of China for more than 3,000 years. It has both the grace and luxury of the palace architecture, and the euphemism of the gardens of Jiangnan Water Village. The integration of garden buildings makes people feel harmonious and perfect in the overall layout. It can be described as: "Although it is made by people, it is open from the sky." Yuanming Garden is not only known for its garden, but also a very rich collection of royal museums. The French writer Hugo once said: "Even if all the treasures of all the Virgins in my country are added together, they cannot be comparable to this large and magnificent Oriental Museum." There are difficult rosewood furniture in the halls in the parks, and there are many rare cultural relics at home and abroad. The Garden Chinese Pavilion is one of the four major royal library buildings in the country. There are precious books and cultural relics such as "Siku Quanshu", "Ancient and Modern Book Integration", and "Siku Quanshu" are hidden in the park.
Yuanmingyuan, once reputable for its magnificent regional scale, outstanding construction skills, exquisite architectural scenery, rich cultural collection and profound national cultural connotation, and is known as "all models of all garden art arts. "The Garden of Wanyuan".
The October 6, 1860 British and French coalition ransacked Yuanmingyuan, cultural relics were looted. From the 18th to 19th, the building in the park was burned. So far, the miracle and mythical Yuanmingyuan has become a ruins, leaving only the wall of the past for tourists.
The origin of the name:
"Yuanmingyuan" is named after Emperor Kangxi. The three -character plaque of Xuanzang Royal Book was hung above the lintel of the Yuanmingyuan Hall. The meaning of the word "Yuanming" in this garden named Yongzheng Emperor is: "round into God, gentleman at the time of the gentleman; Ming and Puzhao, the wisdom of the people." It refers to the completeness of personal morality, surpassing ordinary people; "Ming" refers to the bright and bright political performance, perfect and wise. This can be said to be the ideal criterion for the rule of the rule of the feudal era.
It, "Yuanming" is the Buddhist name that the Emperor Yongzheng has been used since the emperor. He is the author of 19 volumes of "Royal Election Quotations" and "Royal Magic Records". In the Buddhist patriarch in the early Qing Dynasty, the Emperor Yongzheng was herself as a Zen Gate craftsman and influenced Buddhism as "the Lord of the World". Very important character. When Emperor Kangxi gave the garden to the concubine (later the Emperor Yongzheng), the pro -title garden was called "Yuanmingyuan".

The garden architectural characteristics:
Yuanmingyuan brought together the characteristics of several gardens in Jiangnan at that time, merging the essence of ancient Chinese gardening art, and the artistic technique of the garden in the garden melts poetry and painting to the artistic and paintings of the garden in the garden. In the ever -changing scene. The southern part of the Yuanmingyuan is the court district, and it is the emperor's handling of official duties. Among them, the most famous is the Zhengda Guangming Temple, which listens to politics. The rest are distributed in 40 scenic spots, of which more than 50 scenic spots directly imitate the famous gardens in other places, such as Anlan Garden in Haining. Pinghu Qiuyue and Leifeng Xi Zhao in Hangzhou West Lake, Lion Forest in Suzhou ......... Not only imitating the building, but also the names. There is also Anyou Palace, who sacrifice his ancestors, holds a banquet in the mountains and long buildings, and simulates Penglai Yaotai, which simulates the "Xianshan Tower Map", and reproduces Wuling spring in the realm of "Peach Blossom Source". What's more interesting is that there are also western -style garden scenic spots in Yuanmingyuan. The most famous "Da Water Law" is a western fountain, as well as the Wanhua Maze and Haiyan Hall, which have the style of the Italian Renaissance. There is also a Venice City model in the lake. The emperor can enjoy the "water city scenery" on the shore mountain.
I artistic features:
The Yuanming Garden is a treasure museum, or a royal museum and art museum in the world at the time. There are many treasures, books and art masterpieces. There are rare cultural relics such as celebrity calligraphy and painting, secret classics, Zhong Dingbao, and gold and silver jewelry, which concentrate the essence of ancient culture. The Yuanmingyuan is also a garden of different woods, with as many as millions of famous flowers and trees. Westerners who have witnessed the Yuanmingyuan completely called her the "King of Wanyuan". Indeed, if it is still the same as 140 years ago, this extremely giant garden is a well -deserved "king of world gardens".
[Historical development]
The Yuanming Garden is a famous royal garden in the Qing Dynasty. The three gardens of the Yuanming three gardens have an area of ​​more than 5,200 acres and more than 150 scenes. The Yuanming Garden was originally a garden that Emperor Kangxi gave the emperor's fourth son (that is, the later Emperor Yongzheng). In the forty -six years of Kangxi, in 1707 AD, the garden had begun to take shape. In November of the same year, Emperor Kangxi came to the Yuanmingyuan to tour. After the Emperor Yongzheng's ascension in 1723, he expanded the original gift garden, and added the Zhengda Guangming Hall and Qinzheng Hall in the south of the garden, as well as the cabinet, the sixth, and military aircraft departments. Emperor Qianlong's reigning for 60 years, the year of the year of the Yuanmingyuan, revised the Chinese day, moved the water to the water. In addition to the local addition and reconstruction of Yuanmingyuan, he built a new Changchun Garden in the east and tied in the southeast. In the thirty -five years of Qianlong, in 1770, the pattern of the Yuanming Three Park was basically formed. The Jiaqing dynasty mainly repaired and built Qichun Garden, making it one of the main places in the park. During the Daoguang dynasty, the national affairs declined and the financial resources were insufficient.
· Kangxi period:
In Kangxi's forty -eight years (1709), Emperor Kangxi (that is, Qing Shengzu Xuanzang) gives a garden in the north one mile of Changchun Garden in the northwest of Beijing to the fourth son Hey, and the "Yuanmingyuan" in the garden.
· Yongzheng period:
The three years of Yongzheng (1725), Emperor Yongzheng (that is, the Qing Shizong) added a palace office in the south of the Yuanmingyuan, covering an area of ​​more than 600 acres to More than 3,000 acres. Since then, Yuanmingyuan is not only a place for the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, but also the place where the Minister of the DPRK, the meeting of the foreign envoys, and the handling of daily government affairs.
· Qianlong period:
Emperor Qianlong (that is, the Qing Gaozong Hongli) ascended the throne, adjusted the landscape of the garden in the Yuanmingyuan, added the building group, and built Changchun in the east and southeast of the Yuanmingyuan Garden. Garden and Qichun Garden (renamed Wanchun Garden in Tongzhi). These three gardens are managed by the Minister of Management of Yuanmingyuan, called Yuanming Three Garden.
· Xianfeng period:
August of the ten years of Xianfeng (1860), the British and French forces entered Beijing. On October 6, occupied Yuanmingyuan. Starting the next day, the officers and soldiers had crazy robbery and destruction. In order to force the Qing government to accept the discussion and conditions as soon as possible, the British Minister Erkin and the British commander Grant used the Qing government to imprison British and French captured personnel in Yuanmingyuan as an excuse, and ordered that Lieutenant Michell would lead the invading army on October 18 More than five hundred people tended to Yuanmingyuan, setting off arson. The fire lasted for three days and three nights.
· Tongzhi period:
During the Tongzhi period (1862 ~ 1874), Emperor Tongzhi prepared to repair the Yuanmingyuan for the Lord of the Empress Dowager Cixi. Later, due to financial difficulties, he was forced to stop and rebuild other buildings. In 1900, the Eight -Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing, and the Yuanmingyuan was destroyed again. After the annihilation of the Qing Dynasty, some warlords, politicians, and bureaucrats had stolen building materials from the Yuanmingyuan, and the site of the Yuanmingyuan was further destroyed.
· During the People's Republic of China:
Puk of the People's Republic of China, the country attaches great importance to the protection of the Yuanmingyuan site. In 1979, the Yuanmingyuan site was listed as a key cultural relics protection unit in Beijing. After that, the renovation of the Yuanmingyuan site gradually began. It is now opened as the Yuanmingyuan Ruins Park.
[Construction situation]
· Historical background:
The variety of the Manchu for generations in the Heilongjiang Basin, Northeast China. In the middle of the 17th century, he entered the army in North China, completely overthrew the Ming Dynasty, entered the capital from the northeast, to seize the national regime, and established the last feudal rule in history. Nomadic life, in winter, is Lin Haixue, and the climate is cool in summer. After entering the customs, they did not adapt to the dry and hot climate in Beijing in summer. Although the Forbidden City was brilliant and magnificent, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty felt dull and dull. Especially in the early years of Kangxi, after a fire occurred in the Forbidden City, in order to fire and prevent riots, the high palace walls were also built. The courtyard in the palace, coupled with the flowing water flowing too gentle, almost became dead water. This made the emperor a little tired of the palace life of deep walls. Therefore, from the early years of Kangxi, the construction of gardens began. This construction project continued for more than 200 years.
· Terrain characteristics and the impact of the buildings of all ages on the construction of the Yuanmingyuan:
The western suburbs in Beijing, there are continuous Xishan Xiufeng: Yuquan Mountain, Wanshou Mountain, Wanquanzhuang, Beihai Dian and other terrain, self -flow The spring is everywhere, and the large and small lake ponds are remitted in the low -lying parts. Yuquan landscape from west to east is injecting Kunming Lake, becoming the largest surface of the western suburbs. A large number of rice fields are reclaimed here, forming a natural scenic spot. As early as the Liao Dynasty, the feudal emperor chose to build the Yuquan Mountain Palace here. In the Ming Dynasty, the natural scenery here attracted more tourists, so some officials and nobles occupied the rural camp villas. Large land was occupied by pieces. During the Ming Wanli period, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty kissed and the Qinghou Li Wei was here to build civil engineering here. First, the scale was magnificent. Tsinghua Garden, known as the "First Park of Beijing State" (the place is located outside the west wall of today's Peking University). Later, Mi Wanzhong guided the lake outside the east wall of Tsinghua Garden, which cured the elegant and beautiful "spoon garden", and took the meaning of "a spoon of Haidian". In the open countryside, the pavilions and lakes and lakes and mountains appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, the emperor also fancy the excellent gardening place in the western suburbs. Start built a large -scale garden.
· The implementation of the Yuanmingyuan:
The position of the Yuanmingyuan is on the north of Qianjiatun, about one mile of Changchun Garden, that is, the north of Peking University today, west of Tsinghua University. In the Kangxi era, the Yuanmingyuan, which contains water surfaces such as Qianhu and Houhu, and the landscapes such as "Peony Terrace" and "natural picture" were built. When the Yuanmingyuan is still a vassal garden, the scale cannot exceed the emperor's Changchun Garden, so there is not much to build a scene, and the reputation is not large. However, with the ascension of the owner, the Taiping of the Qing Dynasty arrived, and in its expansion in more than 60 years, the most magnificent royal garden in China was finally built.
The chief designer of Yuanmingyuan is named Lei Jinyu. He was seen by Kangxi when he built the Forbidden City, but most of the emperor's views in actual construction. happy. But it was destroyed by Xianfeng.
[Garden structure]
The Yuanmingyuan in history is composed of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden, Qichun Garden (Wanchun Garden). The three gardens are close to each other, which is called Yuanmingyuan. It covers an area of ​​more than 5,200 acres (about 350 hectares), which is nearly 1,000 acres larger than the entire range of the Summer Garden. It was a large royal palace garden created and operated by the feudal emperor of the Qing Dynasty for more than 150 years. Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, and Xianfeng Emperor of the Five Dynasties all lived in Youyou enjoyed by Yuanmingyuan for many years. For "Yuyuan". There are more than 600 plaque alone.
[Encountering the catastrophe]
· History background
Yuanmingyuan was ten years in Xianfeng, that is, in October 1860, was ransacked and burned by the British and French forces, becoming a page of humiliation in modern Chinese history Essence
It's in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the science and technology of the entire country have greatly lag behind the West, and class contradictions are increasingly acute. In 1840 (Twenty years of Daoguang), Western colonialists provoked the war of invasion of China -the first Opium War; Subsequently, the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" that resisted the rule of the Qing Dynasty.
In October 1856, Britain and France jointly launched the Second Opium War. First stir up the war end twice in Guangzhou, but did not reach the desire. In order to put pressure on the Qing government directly, Chen Bingjing was decided. In May 1858, the invading army forced Tianjin in May 1858. The Qing government was forced to sign the "Tianjin Treaty" with Britain, France, Russia, and the United States respectively.
In July (Xianfeng Ten Years), in July, the British French invaders' warships broke out of Dagukou again. They used the British and French envoys into Beijing as a guise. The purpose is Chen Bingjing, forcing the Qing court to fight. The corruption and incompetent Qing government has been delayed. The commander of the invading army drove straight to Tongzhou. On September 21, Tongzhou Bali Bridge lost the Qing army in a decisive battle. The next morning, the Emperor Xianfeng fled from the Yuanmingyuan to escape from Ben Chengde to avoid the summer villa. Essence
· robbery Yuanmingyuan:
On October 6, 1860, the British and French forces rushed to Yuanmingyuan in the northeast suburbs of Beijing. At that time, the Seng Green and Ruilin remnants resisted in the north of the city and fled. The French army first went through Haidian in the afternoon of the same day. On the evening of October 6, the invading army broke into the Grand Palace Gate of Yuanmingyuan. At this time, in the entry and exit of Xianliang Gate, there were more than 20 Yuanmingyuan technical eunuchs in charge of the enemy. Herself. By 7 pm, the French invading army captured Yuanmingyuan. Guanyuan Minister Wenfeng died in Fuhai.
On October 7, after Britain and France's invasion of China broke into the Yuanmingyuan, they immediately "associated British and French members of the three people to support the treasures in the park." French members noticed that the most valuable items in art and archeology are first taken. The actions will be used as a very rare France from His Majesty (Napolun III), and it is hidden in the French Museum. "British Commander Grant also immediately immediately immediately immediately "Sending officers trying to collect objects that should belong to the British." The second day of France and Britain's invasion of the army into the park will no longer resist the temptation of items. Gold and silver treasures and cultural art treasures.
The things that can be grabbed in Yuanmingyuan are too much. According to a British witnesses, there are many and gorgeous clocks with abnormal decorations in the entire French camps. Around the soldiers of the soldiers, satin and embroidery are everywhere. A British second -class soldier named Herisi, who was rich in the Yuanmingyuan and enjoyed life, and won the nickname of "China James".
The British French invaders have snatched how many treasures of Yuanming Garden. Because the furnishings and their accounts in the garden have been robbed, they can never say clearly. The following information may be peeled in the tube. The historical data of the Qing Dynasty showed that there were 441 European watches that were displayed and inventory at the time of the Yuanmingyuan at the time, and only one large clock was survived after the robbery. Afterwards, a part of the "abandonment of the road" by the bandit and the invading army of the bandits reached 1197, which was only one thousandth of the objects in the park. According to a communications at the time of the Times at the time: "It is estimated that the total value of the looted and destroyed property exceeds 6 million pounds." In fact, a large part of the objects snatched and destroyed by the British -French invading army are priceless. It is really outrageous to destroy human culture!
In British -French officers, pastors, and reporters who have participated in the plunder scenes participating: officers and soldiers, British and French, in order to capture the treasures, pouring from all directions into the Yuanmingyuan, Zongqian wants to take it, and give it to win. His hands are chaotic and diverse. In order to grab the treasure, they beat each other, and even had fighting. Because there are too many treasures in the garden, they do n’t know what to take for a while. Some of them have moved away in the cloisonne porcelain bottle, some are greedy for embroidered robes, some choose high -grade leather coats, and some to take the bells inlaid with pearl jade. Some carry big pockets, filled with various treasures. Some of them are put into gold bars and gold leaves in a wide coat pocket; some are woven brocade satin; some hats are covered with red orchid gemstones, pearls and crystal stones; some of the emerald collar hangs on the neck. There is a high -end satin with mountains in the compartment. It is said that half of the residents of Beijing residents were transported away by the soldiers. -In a British officer, a golden Buddha statue was plundered from a temple with 500 idols, which was worth 1,200 pounds. A French officer robbed the property worth 600,000 francs. The treasures of the French commander Menzo's son, the treasures of the French Army, can be worth 300,000 fastes, filled with several carriages. A second -class British army named Herisi, once, stole two gold pagodas from the garden (both three floors, 7 feet high, 6.4 feet high) and other treasures. The famous husband moved back to the barracks for him. The man was rich in the Yuanming Garden and enjoyed life, and won the nickname of "China James". In addition to the rampant of the aggressors, there are countless things they have been stepped on. Several houses were full of satin clothing, and the clothes were dragged out of the box and threw them. People walked into the house and almost covered their knees. The engineers smashed all the furniture with a large ax and removed the gems above. Some people broke the mirror, and others fired fiercely at the big candlestick to make fun. Most French soldiers can be mashed all the things that cannot be taken away. When the French army temporarily evacuated the Yuanmingyuan on October 9, this beautiful garden has been destroyed with lupus.
· Fire Burning Yuanmingyuan
Preshid government to confess his knees against the invaders and promise to accept all the "discussion" conditions. When signing the contract on the day, the British invasion of China Erjin and Grant, in order to leave the invasive behavior of China The "strict" impression made the Qing government "shocked", and the Qing government arrested the envoys and inferior prisoners of war, and ordered the fire to burn the Yuanmingyuan. Erkin wants to pass the information by burning the Yuanmingyuan: The Chinese emperor and him should be responsible for the arrest of the envoys and the riots for the captives, not the Chinese people. A few days ago, Erkin ordered the following announcements in Beijing to announce the purpose of the British and French coalition forces burning the Yuanmingyuan: "Anyone -even if its status is high -after committing fraud and atrocities, they cannot escape responsibility and Punishment; Yuanmingyuan will be burned on the 18th (October 1860) as a punishment for the rejection of the Chinese emperor; only the Qing Empire government should be responsible for this, and people who have nothing to do with atrocities do not have to worry about being harmed. "(Translated from English) ) ) R N, on October 18th and 19th, the three or four thousand British troops set fire in China. The fire did not go out for three days and nights. This unparalleled garden masterpiece was torch together. Afterwards, according to the officials of the Qing Dynasty officials, there were only 20 or thirty temples and temples, official doors, houses and other buildings in the large Yuanming Sanyuan, but the doors and windows were mostly different. Better. At the same time, some buildings of Wanshou Mountain Qingyiyuan, Xiangshan Jingyi Garden and Yuquan Mountain Jingmingyuan have also been burned.
In relevant materials records, on October 18, when the British invading army burned Anyou Palace, because they came suddenly, the eunuch locked the door of Anyou Palace. 300 people were burned to Anyou Palace alive.
Is when the Yuanmingyuan fell into a sea of ​​fire, Erkin proudly declared: "This will shock China and Europe, and its effect is far from those who can imagine it." The main messenger of the fire sees this behavior as a great performance, but the integrity people around the world are angry with this brutal crime. Hugo wrote in 1861: "One day, two robbers broke into Yuanmingyuan, one ransacked, and the other set fire. It seems that after winning, they can steal it ... It is visible, the other is full of boxes. They held hands and returned to Europe with a smile.
"The two robbers who were subject to historical sanctions, one called France and the other called England." This paragraph represents the voice of millions of upright people.
A Yuanmingyuan was still burning, and Prince Gong Yizheng, who was ordered to stay in Beijing, promised all the conditions of the invaders. The Russian countries exchanged the text of the "Tianjin Treaty" and signed the "Beijing Treaty".
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When the British and French coalition forces ransacked the Yuanmingyuan crazy, there are countless ones there are countless ones The bandits participated in the robbery. All those who can take away are taken away, and they can use cars or livestocks. They really destroy them at will! Xiaomin picked up the fragmentation of the road to the road, and even the eunuch of the park had taken advantage of the fire. Easy -to -value items were quickly collected, and some people pinned their hope on the fine treasures that were scattered and buried in the dust. They fucking brooms and dustpans, flying sand and dust on the road in the park. n1900 The Eight -State Allularity invaded Beijing, and the western suburbs were looted again. This time, the Qing government had completely lost control over Yuanmingyuan. Those who robbed the fire were no longer satisfied with the wealth of robbery. The sporadic dispersed buildings, the pillars of the wooden bridge, and the piles were sawn, and the large and small trees in the garden were all overwhelmed. Lin Li, all the branches and trees were burned into charcoal.
The warlords like horseman lanterns in the early Republic of China used the Yuanmingyuan as an endless building material field. The archives of the Puyi period left a lot of helpless records: "Military pledges are in Taihu Stone in more than 10 large cars a day. "In fact, the situation of disassembly and selling is much more serious than recorded in the file. Xu Shichang removed the woods of the Yuanmingyuan and Mirror Chun Garden, Wang Huaiqing demolished the large wall of Anyou Palace and western buildings in the garden. Since then, the ruins of Yuanmingyuan Everything that can make architecture materials, from the ground bricks, roof tiles, wall bricks, stone strips, and underground wooden nails, wooden stakes, copper pipes, etc. are all collected, and it has been pulled intermittently for more than 20 years! N So far, the building, forestry, and masonry of Yuanmingyuan have disappeared. In the last year of Xuantong, the local flag people had built a house on the old site of the palace in the garden. Beijing's grain is tight, so it has rewarded the wasteland. From then on, farmers have entered the Pingshan to fill the lake in the garden, and Kaitian plant rice. The Yuanmingyuan is in the early Qing Dynasty that after more than 150 years of hard work, it has worked hard to operate, and then faced with all.